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Okta Expression Language overview
This document details the features and syntax of Okta Expression Language, which you can use throughout the Okta Admin Console and API for the Okta Classic Engine and Okta Identity Engine.
Note: If you are using the Okta Expression Language for Global Session Policy and authentication policies of the Identity Engine, use the features and syntax of Okta Expression Language in Okta Identity Engine.
Okta Expression Language is based on SpEL (opens new window) and uses a subset of functionalities offered by SpEL.
Expressions allow you to reference, transform, and combine attributes before you store them on a User Profile or before passing them to an application for authentication or provisioning. For example, you might use a custom expression to create a username by stripping @company.com
from an email address. Or, you might combine the firstName
and lastName
attributes into a single displayName
attribute.
Referencing user attributes
When you create an Okta expression, you can reference any attribute that lives on an Okta User Profile or Application User Profile.
Okta User Profile
Every user has an Okta User Profile. The Okta User Profile is the central source of truth for the core attributes of a User. To reference an Okta User Profile attribute, just reference user
and specify the attribute variable name.
Syntax | Definitions | examples |
---|---|---|
user.$attribute | user reference to the Okta User$attribute the attribute variable name | user.firstName user.lastName user.login user.email |
Application User Profile
In addition to an Okta User Profile, all Users have a separate Application User Profile for each of their applications. Application User Profiles store application-specific information about Users, such as the application userName
or user role
. To reference an Application User Profile attribute, specify the application variable and the attribute variable in the user profile of the application. In specifying the application, you can either name the specific application you're referencing or use an implicit reference to an in-context application.
Syntax | Definitions | examples |
---|---|---|
$appuser.$attribute | $appuser explicit reference to specific app$attribute the attribute variable name | zendesk.firstName active_directory.managerUpn google_apps.email |
appuser.$attribute | appuser implicit reference to in-context app$attribute the attribute variable name | appuser.firstName |
Note: Explicit references to apps aren't supported for OAuth 2.0/OIDC custom claims. See Expressions for OAuth 2.0/OIDC custom claims.
Note: The application reference is usually the
name
of the application, as distinct from thelabel
(display name). See Application properties. If your organization configures multiple instances of the same application, the names of the later instances are differentiated by a randomly assigned suffix, for example:zendesk_9ao1g13
. You can find the name of any specific app instance in the Profile Editor, where it appears in lighter text beneath the label of the app.
IdP User Profile
In addition to an Okta User Profile, some users have separate IdP User Profiles for their external Identity Provider. These IdP User Profiles are used to store IdP-specific information about a user. You can use this data in an EL expression to transform an external user's username into the equivalent Okta username. To reference an IdP User Profile attribute, specify the IdP variable and the corresponding attribute variable for the IdP User Profile of that identity provider. This profile is only available when specifying the username transform used to generate an Okta username for the IdP user.
Syntax | Definitions | Examples |
---|---|---|
idpuser.$attribute | idpuser implicit reference to in-context IdP$attribute the attribute variable name | idpuser.firstName |
Note: In Universal Directory, the base Okta User Profile has about 30 attributes. You can add any number of custom attributes. All Application User Profiles have a username attribute and possibly others depending on the application. To find a full list of Okta User and App User attributes and their variable names, in the Okta Admin Console go to People > Profile Editor. If you're not using Universal Directory, contact your Support or Professional Services team.
Referencing application and organization properties
In addition to referencing user attributes, you can also reference Application properties and the properties of your Organization. To reference a particular attribute, just specify the appropriate binding and the attribute variable name. The binding for an Application is its name with _app
appended. The App name can be found as described in Application user profile attributes. Here are some examples:
Application properties
Syntax | Definitions | examples |
---|---|---|
$app.$attribute | $app explicit reference to specific app instance$attribute the attribute variable name | office365_app.domain zendesk_app.companySubDomain |
app.$attribute | app implicit reference to in-context app instance$attribute the attribute variable name | app.domain app.companySubDomain |
Note: Explicit references to apps aren't supported for custom OAuth 2.0/OIDC claims.
Organization properties
Syntax | Definitions | Examples |
---|---|---|
org.$attribute | org reference to Okta org$attribute the attribute variable name | org.name org.subDomain |
Referencing Session properties
In addition to referencing User, App, and Organization properties, you can also reference User Session properties. Session properties allow you to configure Okta to pass Dynamic Authentication Context to SAML apps through the assertion using custom SAML attributes. The App can then use that information to limit access to certain App-specific behaviors and calculate the risk profile for the signed-in user.
Session properties
Syntax | Definitions | Evaluation example |
---|---|---|
session.amr | session reference to a user's sessionamr the attribute name that is resolvable to an array of Authentication Method References (opens new window) | ["pwd"] — password used by the user for authentication["mfa", "pwd", "kba"] — password and MFA security question used by the user for authentication["mfa", "mca", "pwd", "sms"] — password and MFA SMS used by the user for authentication |
Functions
Okta offers a variety of functions to manipulate attributes or properties to generate a desired output. You can combine and nest functions inside a single expression.
String functions
Function | Input parameter signature | Return type | example | Output |
---|---|---|---|---|
String.append | (String str, String suffix) | String | String.append("This is", " a test") | This is a test |
String.join | (String separator, String... strings) | String | String.join(",", "This", "is", "a", "test") | This,is,a,test |
String.join("", "This", "is", "a", "test") | Thisisatest | |||
String.len | (String input) | Integer | String.len("This") | 4 |
String.removeSpaces | (String input) | String | String.removeSpaces("This is a test") | Thisisatest |
String.replace | (String input, match, replacement) | String | String.replace("This is a test", "is", "at") | That at a test |
String.replaceFirst | (String input, match, replacement) | String | String.replaceFirst("This is a test", "is", "at") | That is a test |
String.stringContains | (String input, String searchString) | Boolean | String.stringContains("This is a test", "test") | true |
String.stringContains("This is a test", "doesn'tExist") | false | |||
String.stringSwitch | (String input, String defaultString, String... keyValuePairs) | String | String.stringSwitch("This is a test", "default", "key1", "value1") | default |
String.stringSwitch("This is a test", "default", "test", "value1") | value1 | |||
String.stringSwitch("First match wins", "default", "absent", "value1", "wins", "value2", "match", "value3") | value2 | |||
String.stringSwitch("Substrings count", "default", "ring", "value1") | value1 | |||
String.substring | (String input, int startIndex, int endIndex) | String | String.substring("This is a test", 2, 9) | is is a |
String.substringAfter | (String input, String searchString) | String | String.substringAfter("abc@okta.com", "@") | okta.com |
String.substringBefore | (String input, String searchString) | String | String.substringBefore("abc@okta.com", "@") | abc |
String.toUpperCase | (String input) | String | String.toUpperCase("This") | THIS |
String.toLowerCase | (String input) | String | String.toLowerCase("ThiS") | this |
The following Deprecated functions perform some of the same tasks as the ones in the above table.
Function | Example | Input | Output |
---|---|---|---|
toUpperCase(string) | toUpperCase(source.firstName) | Alexander | ALEXANDER |
toLowerCase(string) | toLowerCase(source.firstName) | AlexANDER | alexander |
substringBefore(string, string) | substringBefore(user.email, '@') | alex@okta.com | alex |
substringAfter(string, string) | substringAfter(user.email, '@') | alex@okta.com | okta.com |
substring(string, int, int) | substring(source.firstName, 1, 4) | Alexander | lex |
Array functions
Function | Return type | Example | Output |
---|---|---|---|
Arrays.add(array, value) | Array | Arrays.add({10, 20, 30}, 40) | {10, 20, 30, 40} |
Arrays.remove(array, value) | Array | Arrays.remove({10, 20, 30}, 20) | {10, 30} |
Arrays.clear(array) | Array | Arrays.clear({10, 20, 30}) | { } |
Arrays.get(array, position) | - | Arrays.get({0, 1, 2}, 0) | 0 |
Arrays.flatten(list of values) | Array | Arrays.flatten(10, {20, 30}, 40) | {10, 20, 30, 40} |
Arrays.contains(array, value) | Boolean | Arrays.contains({10, 20, 30}, 10) | true |
Arrays.contains({10, 20, 30}, 50) | false | ||
Arrays.size(array) | Integer | Arrays.size({10, 20, 30}) | 3 |
Arrays.size(NULL) | 0 | ||
Arrays.isEmpty(array) | Boolean | Arrays.isEmpty({10, 20}) | false |
Arrays.isEmpty(NULL) | true | ||
Arrays.toCsvString(array) | String | Arrays.toCsvString({"This", "is", " a ", "test"}) | This,is, a ,test |
Conversion functions
Data conversion functions
Function | Return type | Example | Input | Output |
---|---|---|---|---|
Convert.toInt(string) | Integer | Convert.toInt(val) | String val = '1234' | 1234 |
Convert.toInt(double) | Integer | Convert.toInt(val) | Double val = 123.4 | 123 |
Double val = 123.6 | 124 | |||
Convert.toNum(string) | Double | Convert.toNum(val) | String val = '3.141' | 3.141 |
Note:
Convert.toInt(double)
rounds the passed numeric value either up or down to the nearest integer. Be sure to consider integer type range limitations when converting from a number to an integer with this function.
Country code conversion functions
These functions convert between ISO 3166-1 2-character country codes (Alpha 2), 3-character country codes (Alpha 3), numeric country codes, and full ISO country names.
Function | Return type | Example | Output |
---|---|---|---|
Iso3166Convert.toAlpha2(string) | String | Iso3166Convert.toAlpha2("IND") | IN |
Iso3166Convert.toAlpha3(string) | String | Iso3166Convert.toAlpha3("840") | USA |
Iso3166Convert.toNumeric(string) | String | Iso3166Convert.toNumeric("USA") | 840 |
Iso3166Convert.toName(string) | String | Iso3166Convert.toName("IN") | India |
Note: All these functions take ISO 3166-1 2-character country codes (Alpha 2), 3-character country codes (Alpha 3), and numeric country codes as input. The function determines the input type and returns the output in the format specified by the function name.
See the ISO 3166-1 online lookup tool (opens new window).
Group functions
Group functions return either an array of groups or True or False.
Function | Return type | Example |
---|---|---|
getFilteredGroups | Array | getFilteredGroups({"00gml2xHE3RYRx7cM0g3"}, "group.name", 40) |
Groups.contains | Array | contains(app_type/app_instance_id, pattern, limit) |
Groups.startsWith | Array | startsWith(app_type/app_instance_id, pattern, limit) |
Groups.endsWith | Array | endsWith(app_type/app_instance_id, pattern, limit) |
isMemberOfGroupName | Boolean | isMemberOfGroupName("group1") |
isMemberOfGroup | Boolean | isMemberOfGroup("groupId") |
isMemberOfAnyGroup | Boolean | isMemberOfAnyGroup("groupId1", "groupId2", "groupId3") |
isMemberOfGroupNameStartsWith | Boolean | isMemberOfGroupNameStartsWith("San Fr") |
isMemberOfGroupNameContains | Boolean | isMemberOfGroupNameContains("admin") |
isMemberOfGroupNameRegex | Boolean | isMemberOfGroupNameRegex("/.*admin.*") |
Note: The
Groups.contains
,Groups.startsWith
, andGroups.endsWith
group functions are designed to work only with group claims. You can't use these functions with property mappings.
Note: The
isMemberOfGroupName
,isMemberOfGroup
,isMemberOfAnyGroup
,isMemberOfGroupNameStartsWith
,isMemberOfGroupNameContains
,isMemberOfGroupNameRegex
group functions are designed to retrieve only an Okta user's group memberships. Don't use them to retrieve an app user's group memberships.
For an example using group functions and for more information on using group functions for dynamic and static allowlists, see Customize tokens returned from Okta.
Important: When you use
Groups.startWith
,Groups.endsWith
, orGroups.contains
, thepattern
argument is matched and populated on thename
attribute rather than the Group's email (for example, when using Google Workspace). If you are targeting groups that may have duplicate group names (such as Google Groups), use thegetFilteredGroups
Group function instead.Example:
getFilteredGroups({"00gml2xHE3RYRx7cM0g3"}, "group.name", 40) )
See the Parameter examples section of Use group functions for static group allowlists for more information on the parameters used in this Group function.
Linked object function
Use this function to retrieve the user identified with the specified primary
relationship. You can then access properties of that user.
- Function:
user.getLinkedObject($primaryName)
- Parameter: (String primaryName)
- Return Type: User
- Example:
user.getLinkedObject("manager").lastName
- Example Result:
Gates
Time functions
Function | Input parameter signature | Return type | Example | output |
---|---|---|---|---|
Time.now | (String timeZoneId, String format) | String | Time.now() | 2015-07-31T17:18:37.979Z (Current time, UTC format) |
Time.now("EST") | 2015-07-31T13:30:49.964-04:00 (Specified time zone) | |||
Time.now("EST", "YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") | 2015-07-31 13:36:48 (Specified time zone and format, military time) | |||
Time.fromWindowsToIso8601 | (String time) | String | Windows timestamp time as a string (Windows/LDAP timestamp doc) | The passed-in time expressed in ISO 8601 format (specifically the RFC 3339 subset of the ISO standard). |
Time.fromUnixToIso8601 | (String time) | String | Unix timestamp time as a string (Unix timestamp reference) | The passed-in time expressed in ISO 8601 format (specifically the RFC 3339 subset of the ISO standard). |
Time.fromStringToIso8601 | (String time, String format) | String | Timestamp time in a human-readable yet machine-parseable arbitrary format format (as defined by Joda time pattern (opens new window)) | The passed-in time expressed in ISO 8601 format (specifically the RFC 3339 subset of the ISO standard). |
Time.fromIso8601ToWindows | (String time) | String | ISO 8601 timestamp time as a string | The passed-in time expressed in Windows timestamp format. |
Time.fromIso8601ToUnix | (String time) | String | ISO 8601 timestamp time as a string | The passed-in time expressed in Unix timestamp format. |
Time.fromIso8601ToString | (String time, String format) | String | ISO 8601 timestamp time, to convert to format using the same Joda time pattern (opens new window) semantics as fromStringToIso8601 | The passed-in time expressed informat format. |
Note: Both input parameters are optional for the Time.now function. The time zone ID supports both new and old style formats, listed below. The third example for the Time.now function shows how to specify the military time format.
Okta supports the use of the time zone IDs and aliases listed in the Time Zone Codes table.
Manager/assistant functions
Function | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
getManagerUser(managerSource).$attribute | Gets the manager's Okta user attribute values | getManagerUser("active_directory").firstName |
getManagerAppUser(managerSource, attributeSource).$attribute | Gets the manager's app user attribute values for the app user of any appinstance. | getManagerAppUser("active_directory", "google").firstName |
getAssistantUser(assistantSource).$attribute | Gets the assistant's Okta user attribute values. | getAssistantUser("active_directory").firstName |
getAssistantAppUser(assistantSource, attributeSource).$attribute | Gets the assistant's app user attribute values for the app user of any appinstance. | getAssistantAppUser("active_directory", "google").firstName |
The following should be noted about these functions:
- Be sure to pass the correct App name for the
managerSource
,assistantSource
, andattributeSource
parameters. - At this time,
active_directory
is the only supported value formanagerSource
andassistantSource
. - Calling the
getManagerUser("active_directory")
function doesn't trigger a user profile update after the manager is changed. - The manager and assistant functions aren't supported for user profiles sourced from multiple Active Directory instances.
Directory and Workday functions
Function | Description |
---|---|
hasDirectoryUser() | Checks whether the user has an Active Directory assignment and returns a boolean |
hasWorkdayUser() | Checks whether the user has a Workday assignment and returns a boolean |
findDirectoryUser() | Finds the Active Directory App user object and returns that object or null if the user has more than one or no Active Directory assignments |
findWorkdayUser() | Finds the Workday App user object and returns that object or null if the user has more than one or no Active Directory assignments |
The functions above are often used in tandem to check whether a user has an AD or Workday assignment, and if so, return an AD or Workday attribute. See the 'Popular Expressions' table below for some examples.
Constants and operators
Common Actions | Example |
---|---|
Refer to a String constant | 'Hello world' |
Refer to an Integer constant | 1234 |
Refer to a Number constant | 3.141 |
Refer to a Boolean constant | true |
Refer to an Array element | {1, 2, 3}[0] or user.arrayProperty[0] |
Concatenate two strings | user.firstName + user.lastName |
Concatenate two strings with space | user.firstName + " " + user.lastName |
Ternary operator example: If group code is 123, assign value of Sales, else assign Other | user.groupCode == 123 ? 'Sales' : 'Other' |
Conditional expressions
You can specify IF...THEN...ELSE statements with the Okta EL. The primary use of these expressions is profile mappings and group rules. Group rules do not usually specify an ELSE component.
The format for conditional expressions is:
[Condition] ? [Value if TRUE] : [Value if FALSE]
There are several rules for specifying the condition.
- Expressions must have valid syntax.
- Expressions must evaluate to Boolean.
- Expressions cannot contain an assignment operator, such as
=
. - User attributes used in expressions can contain only available User or AppUser attributes.
The following functions are supported in conditions.
- Any Okta Expression Language function
- The
AND
operator - The
OR
operator - The
!
operator to designate NOT - Standard relational operators including
<
,>
,<=
, and>=
. - The
matches
operator to evaluate a String against a regular expression.
Note: Use the double equals sign
==
to check for equality and!=
for inequality.
The following functions are not supported in conditions:
- Convert
- Array
- Time
Samples
For these samples, assume that user has following attributes in Okta.
Attribute | Type |
---|---|
firstName | String |
lastName | String |
middleInitial | String |
fullName | String |
honorificPrefix | String |
email1 | String |
email2 | String |
additionalEmail | Boolean |
city | String |
salary | Int |
isContractor | Boolean |
Samples using profile mapping
The following samples are valid conditional expressions that apply to profile mapping. The attribute courtesyTitle
is from another system being mapped to Okta.
If the middle initial is not empty, include it as part of the full name, using just the first character and appending a period.
firstName + " " + (String.len(middleInitial) == 0 ? "" : (String.substring(middleInitial, 0, 1) + ". ")) + lastName
Include the honorific prefix in front of the full name, or use the courtesy title instead if it exists. If both are absent, don't use any title.
(courtesyTitle != "" ? (courtesyTitle + " ") : honorificPrefix != "" ? (honorificPrefix + " ") : "") + firstName + " " + (String.len(middleInitial) == 0 ? "" : (String.substring(middleInitial, 0, 1) + ". ")) + lastName
Samples using group rules
The following samples are valid conditional expressions. The actions in these cases are group assignments.
IF (Implicit) | Condition | Assign to this Group Name if Condition is TRUE |
---|---|---|
IF | String.stringContains(user.firstName, "dummy") | dummyUsers |
IF | user.city == "San Francisco" | sfo |
IF | user.salary >= 1000000 | expensiveEmployee |
IF | !user.isContractor | fullTimeEmployees |
IF | user.salary > 1000000 AND !user.isContractor | expensiveFullTimeEmployees |
Samples checking for null and blank attributes
To catch User attributes that are null or blank, use the following valid conditional expression:
user.employeeNumber != "" AND user.employeeNumber != null ? user.employeeNumber : user.nonEmployeeNumber
If a Profile attribute has never been populated, catch it with the following expression:
user.employeeNumber == null
If a Profile attribute was populated in the past but the content is removed, it's no longer null
but an empty string. To catch these empty strings, use the following expression:
user.employeeNumber == ""
Popular expressions
Sample user data:
- Firstname = Winston
- Lastname = Churchill
- Email = winston.churchill@gmail.com
- Login = winston.churchill@gmail.com
Value to obtain | Expression | Example output | Explanation |
---|---|---|---|
Firstname | user.firstName | Winston | Obtain the value of users' firstname attribute. |
Firstname + Lastname | user.firstName + user.lastName | WinstonChurchill | Obtain Firstname and Lastname values and append each together. |
Firstname + Lastname with Separator | user.firstName + "." + user.lastName | Winston.Churchill | Obtain Firstname value, append a "." character. Obtain and append the Lastname value. |
First Initial + Lastname | substring(user.firstName, 0, 1) + user.lastName | WChurchill | Obtain Firstname value. From result, retrieve characters greater than position 0 thru position 1, including position 1. Obtain and append the Lastname value. |
First Initial + Lastname with Limit | substring(user.firstName, 0, 1) + substring(user.lastName, 0, 6) | WChurch | Obtain Firstname value. From result, retrieve 1 character starting at the beginning of the string. Obtain Lastname value. From result, retrieve characters greater than position 0 thru position 6, including position 6. |
Lower Case First Initial + Lower Case Lastname with Separator | toLowerCase(substring( user.firstName, 0, 1)) + "." + toLowerCase(user.lastName) | w.churchhill | Obtain Firstname value. From result, retrieve characters greater than position 0 thru position 1, including position 1. Convert result to lowercase. Append a "." character. Obtain the Lastname value. Convert to lowercase and append. |
Email Domain + Email Prefix with Separator | toUpperCase(substringBefore( substringAfter(user.email, "@"), ".")) + "\" + substringBefore( user.email, "@") | GMAIL\winston.churchill | Obtain Email value. From result, parse everything after the "@ character". From result, parse everything before the "." character. Convert to uppercase. Append a backslash "" character. Obtain the email value again. From result, parse for everything before the "@" character. |
Email Domain + Lowercase First Initial and Lastname with Separator | toUpperCase(substringBefore( substringAfter(user.email, "@"), ".")) + "\" + toLowerCase(substring( user.firstName, 0, 1)) + toLowerCase(user.lastName) | GMAIL\wchurchill | Obtain Email value. From the result, parse everything after the "@ character". From result, parse everything before the "." character. Convert to uppercase. Append a backslash "" character. Obtain the Firstname value. From the result, retrieve characters greater than position 0 thru position 1, including position 1. Convert it to lowercase. Obtain the Lastname value and convert it to lowercase. |
Static Domain + Email Prefix with Separator | "XDOMAIN\" + toLowerCase(substring( user.firstName, 0, 1)) + toLowerCase(user.lastName) | XDOMAIN\wchurchill | Add "XDOMAIN" string. Append a backslash "" character. Obtain the Firstname value. From result, retrieve characters greater than position 0 thru position 1, including position 1. Convert it to lowercase. Obtain the Lastname value. Convert it to lowercase. |
Workday ID | hasWorkdayUser() ? findWorkdayUser().employeeID : null | 123456 | Check if user has a Workday assignment, and if so, return their Workday employee ID. |
Active Directory UPN | hasDirectoryUser() ? findDirectoryUser().managerUpn : null | bob@okta.com | Check if user has an Active Directory assignment, and if so, return their Active Directory manager UPN. |
Expressions for OAuth 2.0/OIDC custom claims
Okta provides a few expressions that you can only use with OAuth 2.0/OIDC custom claims.
Note: These expressions don't work for SAML 2.0 apps.
Syntax | Definitions | Examples |
---|---|---|
app.$attribute | app refers to the name of the OIDC app.$attribute refers to the attribute variable name. | app.id app.clientId app.profile |
access.scope | access refers to the access token that requests the scopes.scope refers to the array of granted scopes. | access.scope |
Samples
Sample using app attributes
To include an app Profile label, use the following expression:
app.profile.label
See Include app-specific information in a custom claim.
Sample using access.scope
In API Access Management custom authorization servers, you can name a claim scope
. Then, you can use the expression access.scope
to return an array of granted scope strings.
To include a granted scope array and convert it to a space-delimited string, use the following expression:
String.replace(Arrays.toCsvString(access.scope),","," ")
Appendix: Time zone codes
Okta supports the use of the following time zone codes:
Standard offset | Canonical ID | Aliases |
---|---|---|
-12:00 | Etc/GMT+12 | |
-11:00 | Etc/GMT+11 | |
-11:00 | Pacific/Apia | |
-11:00 | Pacific/Midway | |
-11:00 | Pacific/Niue | |
-11:00 | Pacific/Pago_Pago | Pacific/Samoa, US/Samoa |
-10:00 | America/Adak | America/Atka, US/Aleutian |
-10:00 | Etc/GMT+10 | |
-10:00 | HST | |
-10:00 | Pacific/Fakaofo | |
-10:00 | Pacific/Honolulu | US/Hawaii |
-10:00 | Pacific/Johnston | |
-10:00 | Pacific/Rarotonga | |
-10:00 | Pacific/Tahiti | |
-09:30 | Pacific/Marquesas | |
-09:00 | America/Anchorage | US/Alaska |
-09:00 | America/Juneau | |
-09:00 | America/Nome | |
-09:00 | America/Yakutat | |
-09:00 | Etc/GMT+9 | |
-09:00 | Pacific/Gambier | |
-08:00 | America/Dawson | |
-08:00 | America/Los_Angeles | US/Pacific, US/Pacific-New |
-08:00 | America/Santa_Isabel | |
-08:00 | America/Tijuana | America/Ensenada, Mexico/BajaNorte |
-08:00 | America/Vancouver | Canada/Pacific |
-08:00 | America/Whitehorse | Canada/Yukon |
-08:00 | Etc/GMT+8 | |
-08:00 | PST8PDT | |
-08:00 | Pacific/Pitcairn | |
-07:00 | America/Boise | |
-07:00 | America/Cambridge_Bay | |
-07:00 | America/Chihuahua | |
-07:00 | America/Dawson_Creek | |
-07:00 | America/Denver | America/Shiprock, Navajo, US/Mountain |
-07:00 | America/Edmonton | Canada/Mountain |
-07:00 | America/Hermosillo | |
-07:00 | America/Inuvik | |
-07:00 | America/Mazatlan | Mexico/BajaSur |
-07:00 | America/Ojinaga | |
-07:00 | America/Phoenix | US/Arizona |
-07:00 | America/Yellowknife | |
-07:00 | Etc/GMT+7 | |
-07:00 | MST | |
-07:00 | MST7MDT | |
-06:00 | America/Bahia_Banderas | |
-06:00 | America/Belize | |
-06:00 | America/Cancun | |
-06:00 | America/Chicago | US/Central |
-06:00 | America/Costa_Rica | |
-06:00 | America/El_Salvador | |
-06:00 | America/Guatemala | |
-06:00 | America/Indiana/Knox | America/Knox_IN, US/Indiana-Starke |
-06:00 | America/Indiana/Tell_City | |
-06:00 | America/Managua | |
-06:00 | America/Matamoros | |
-06:00 | America/Menominee | |
-06:00 | America/Merida | |
-06:00 | America/Mexico_City | Mexico/General |
-06:00 | America/Monterrey | |
-06:00 | America/North_Dakota/Center | |
-06:00 | America/North_Dakota/New_Salem | |
-06:00 | America/Rainy_River | |
-06:00 | America/Rankin_Inlet | |
-06:00 | America/Regina | Canada/East-Saskatchewan, Canada/Saskatchewan |
-06:00 | America/Swift_Current | |
-06:00 | America/Tegucigalpa | |
-06:00 | America/Winnipeg | Canada/Central |
-06:00 | CST6CDT | |
-06:00 | Etc/GMT+6 | |
-06:00 | Pacific/Easter | Chile/EasterIsland |
-06:00 | Pacific/Galapagos | |
-05:00 | America/Atikokan | America/Coral_Harbour |
-05:00 | America/Bogota | |
-05:00 | America/Cayman | |
-05:00 | America/Detroit | US/Michigan |
-05:00 | America/Grand_Turk | |
-05:00 | America/Guayaquil | |
-05:00 | America/Havana | Cuba |
-05:00 | America/Indiana/Indianapolis | America/Fort_Wayne, America/Indianapolis US/East-Indiana |
-05:00 | America/Indiana/Marengo | |
-05:00 | America/Indiana/Petersburg | |
-05:00 | America/Indiana/Vevay | |
-05:00 | America/Indiana/Vincennes | |
-05:00 | America/Indiana/Winamac | |
-05:00 | America/Iqaluit | |
-05:00 | America/Jamaica | Jamaica |
-05:00 | America/Kentucky/Louisville | America/Louisville |
-05:00 | America/Kentucky/Monticello | |
-05:00 | America/Lima | |
-05:00 | America/Montreal | |
-05:00 | America/Nassau | |
-05:00 | America/New_York | US/Eastern |
-05:00 | America/Nipigon | |
-05:00 | America/Panama | |
-05:00 | America/Pangnirtung | |
-05:00 | America/Port-au-Prince | |
-05:00 | America/Resolute | |
-05:00 | America/Thunder_Bay | |
-05:00 | America/Toronto | Canada/Eastern |
-05:00 | EST | |
-05:00 | EST5EDT | |
-05:00 | Etc/GMT+5 | |
-04:30 | America/Caracas | |
-04:00 | America/Anguilla | |
-04:00 | America/Antigua | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/San_Luis | |
-04:00 | America/Aruba | |
-04:00 | America/Asuncion | |
-04:00 | America/Barbados | |
-04:00 | America/Blanc-Sablon | |
-04:00 | America/Boa_Vista | |
-04:00 | America/Campo_Grande | |
-04:00 | America/Cuiaba | |
-04:00 | America/Curacao | |
-04:00 | America/Dominica | |
-04:00 | America/Eirunepe | |
-04:00 | America/Glace_Bay | |
-04:00 | America/Goose_Bay | |
-04:00 | America/Grenada | |
-04:00 | America/Guadeloupe | America/Marigot, America/St_Barthelemy |
-04:00 | America/Guyana | |
-04:00 | America/Halifax | Canada/Atlantic |
-04:00 | America/La_Paz | |
-04:00 | America/Manaus | Brazil/West |
-04:00 | America/Martinique | |
-04:00 | America/Moncton | |
-04:00 | America/Montserrat | |
-04:00 | America/Port_of_Spain | |
-04:00 | America/Porto_Velho | |
-04:00 | America/Puerto_Rico | |
-04:00 | America/Rio_Branco | America/Porto_Acre, Brazil/Acre |
-04:00 | America/Santiago | Chile/Continental |
-04:00 | America/Santo_Domingo | |
-04:00 | America/St_Kitts | |
-04:00 | America/St_Lucia | |
-04:00 | America/St_Thomas | America/Virgin |
-04:00 | America/St_Vincent | |
-04:00 | America/Thule | |
-04:00 | America/Tortola | |
-04:00 | Antarctica/Palmer | |
-04:00 | Atlantic/Bermuda | |
-04:00 | Atlantic/Stanley | |
-04:00 | Etc/GMT+4 | |
-03:30 | America/St_Johns | Canada/Newfoundland |
-03:00 | America/Araguaina | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires | America/Buenos_Aires |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Catamarca | America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia, America/Catamarca |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Cordoba | America/Cordoba, America/Rosario |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Jujuy | America/Jujuy |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/La_Rioja | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Mendoza | America/Mendoza |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Salta | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/San_Juan | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Tucuman | |
-03:00 | America/Argentina/Ushuaia | |
-03:00 | America/Bahia | |
-03:00 | America/Belem | |
-03:00 | America/Cayenne | |
-03:00 | America/Fortaleza | |
-03:00 | America/Godthab | |
-03:00 | America/Maceio | |
-03:00 | America/Miquelon | |
-03:00 | America/Montevideo | |
-03:00 | America/Paramaribo | |
-03:00 | America/Recife | |
-03:00 | America/Santarem | |
-03:00 | America/Sao_Paulo | Brazil/East |
-03:00 | Antarctica/Rothera | |
-03:00 | Etc/GMT+3 | |
-02:00 | America/Noronha | Brazil/DeNoronha |
-02:00 | Atlantic/South_Georgia | |
-02:00 | Etc/GMT+2 | |
-01:00 | America/Scoresbysund | |
-01:00 | Atlantic/Azores | |
-01:00 | Atlantic/Cape_Verde | |
-01:00 | Etc/GMT+1 | |
+00:00 | Africa/Abidjan | |
+00:00 | Africa/Accra | |
+00:00 | Africa/Bamako | Africa/Timbuktu |
+00:00 | Africa/Banjul | |
+00:00 | Africa/Bissau | |
+00:00 | Africa/Casablanca | |
+00:00 | Africa/Conakry | |
+00:00 | Africa/Dakar | |
+00:00 | Africa/El_Aaiun | |
+00:00 | Africa/Freetown | |
+00:00 | Africa/Lome | |
+00:00 | Africa/Monrovia | |
+00:00 | Africa/Nouakchott | |
+00:00 | Africa/Ouagadougou | |
+00:00 | Africa/Sao_Tome | |
+00:00 | America/Danmarkshavn | |
+00:00 | Atlantic/Canary | |
+00:00 | Atlantic/Faroe | Atlantic/Faeroe |
+00:00 | Atlantic/Madeira | |
+00:00 | Atlantic/Reykjavik | Iceland |
+00:00 | Atlantic/St_Helena | |
+00:00 | Etc/GMT | Etc/GMT+0, Etc/GMT-0, Etc/GMT0, Etc/Greenwich, GMT, GMT+0, GMT-0, GMT0, Greenwich |
+00:00 | Etc/UCT | UCT |
+00:00 | Etc/UTC | Etc/Universal, Etc/Zulu, Universal, Zulu |
+00:00 | Europe/Dublin | Eire |
+00:00 | Europe/Lisbon | Portugal |
+00:00 | Europe/London | Europe/Belfast, Europe/Guernsey, Europe/Isle_of_Man, Europe/Jersey, GB, GB-Eire |
+00:00 | UTC | |
+00:00 | WET | |
+01:00 | Africa/Algiers | |
+01:00 | Africa/Bangui | |
+01:00 | Africa/Brazzaville | |
+01:00 | Africa/Ceuta | |
+01:00 | Africa/Douala | |
+01:00 | Africa/Kinshasa | |
+01:00 | Africa/Lagos | |
+01:00 | Africa/Libreville | |
+01:00 | Africa/Luanda | |
+01:00 | Africa/Malabo | |
+01:00 | Africa/Ndjamena | |
+01:00 | Africa/Niamey | |
+01:00 | Africa/Porto-Novo | |
+01:00 | Africa/Tunis | |
+01:00 | Africa/Windhoek | |
+01:00 | CET | |
+01:00 | Etc/GMT-1 | |
+01:00 | Europe/Amsterdam | |
+01:00 | Europe/Andorra | |
+01:00 | Europe/Belgrade | Europe/Ljubljana, Europe/Podgorica, Europe/Sarajevo, Europe/Skopje, Europe/Zagreb |
+01:00 | Europe/Berlin | |
+01:00 | Europe/Brussels | |
+01:00 | Europe/Budapest | |
+01:00 | Europe/Copenhagen | |
+01:00 | Europe/Gibraltar | |
+01:00 | Europe/Luxembourg | |
+01:00 | Europe/Madrid | |
+01:00 | Europe/Malta | |
+01:00 | Europe/Monaco | |
+01:00 | Europe/Oslo | Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen |
+01:00 | Europe/Paris | |
+01:00 | Europe/Prague | Europe/Bratislava |
+01:00 | Europe/Rome | Europe/San_Marino, Europe/Vatican |
+01:00 | Europe/Stockholm | |
+01:00 | Europe/Tirane | |
+01:00 | Europe/Vaduz | |
+01:00 | Europe/Vienna | |
+01:00 | Europe/Warsaw | Poland |
+01:00 | Europe/Zurich | |
+01:00 | MET | |
+02:00 | Africa/Blantyre | |
+02:00 | Africa/Bujumbura | |
+02:00 | Africa/Cairo | Egypt |
+02:00 | Africa/Gaborone | |
+02:00 | Africa/Harare | |
+02:00 | Africa/Johannesburg | |
+02:00 | Africa/Kigali | |
+02:00 | Africa/Lubumbashi | |
+02:00 | Africa/Lusaka | |
+02:00 | Africa/Maputo | |
+02:00 | Africa/Maseru | |
+02:00 | Africa/Mbabane | |
+02:00 | Africa/Tripoli | Libya |
+02:00 | Asia/Amman | |
+02:00 | Asia/Beirut | |
+02:00 | Asia/Damascus | |
+02:00 | Asia/Gaza | |
+02:00 | Asia/Jerusalem | Asia/Tel_Aviv, Israel |
+02:00 | Asia/Nicosia | Europe/Nicosia |
+02:00 | EET | |
+02:00 | Etc/GMT-2 | |
+02:00 | Europe/Athens | |
+02:00 | Europe/Bucharest | |
+02:00 | Europe/Chisinau | Europe/Tiraspol |
+02:00 | Europe/Helsinki | Europe/Mariehamn |
+02:00 | Europe/Istanbul | Asia/Istanbul, Turkey |
+02:00 | Europe/Kaliningrad | |
+02:00 | Europe/Kiev | |
+02:00 | Europe/Minsk | |
+02:00 | Europe/Riga | |
+02:00 | Europe/Simferopol | |
+02:00 | Europe/Sofia | |
+02:00 | Europe/Tallinn | |
+02:00 | Europe/Uzhgorod | |
+02:00 | Europe/Vilnius | |
+02:00 | Europe/Zaporozhye | |
+03:00 | Africa/Addis_Ababa | |
+03:00 | Africa/Asmara | Africa/Asmera |
+03:00 | Africa/Dar_es_Salaam | |
+03:00 | Africa/Djibouti | |
+03:00 | Africa/Kampala | |
+03:00 | Africa/Khartoum | |
+03:00 | Africa/Mogadishu | |
+03:00 | Africa/Nairobi | |
+03:00 | Antarctica/Syowa | |
+03:00 | Asia/Aden | |
+03:00 | Asia/Baghdad | |
+03:00 | Asia/Bahrain | |
+03:00 | Asia/Kuwait | |
+03:00 | Asia/Qatar | |
+03:00 | Asia/Riyadh | |
+03:00 | Etc/GMT-3 | |
+03:00 | Europe/Moscow | W-SU |
+03:00 | Europe/Samara | |
+03:00 | Europe/Volgograd | |
+03:00 | Indian/Antananarivo | |
+03:00 | Indian/Comoro | |
+03:00 | Indian/Mayotte | |
+03:30 | Asia/Tehran | Iran |
+04:00 | Asia/Baku | |
+04:00 | Asia/Dubai | |
+04:00 | Asia/Muscat | |
+04:00 | Asia/Tbilisi | |
+04:00 | Asia/Yerevan | |
+04:00 | Etc/GMT-4 | |
+04:00 | Indian/Mahe | |
+04:00 | Indian/Mauritius | |
+04:00 | Indian/Reunion | |
+04:30 | Asia/Kabul | |
+05:00 | Antarctica/Mawson | |
+05:00 | Asia/Aqtau | |
+05:00 | Asia/Aqtobe | |
+05:00 | Asia/Ashgabat | Asia/Ashkhabad |
+05:00 | Asia/Dushanbe | |
+05:00 | Asia/Karachi | |
+05:00 | Asia/Oral | |
+05:00 | Asia/Samarkand | |
+05:00 | Asia/Tashkent | |
+05:00 | Asia/Yekaterinburg | |
+05:00 | Etc/GMT-5 | |
+05:00 | Indian/Kerguelen | |
+05:00 | Indian/Maldives | |
+05:30 | Asia/Colombo | |
+05:30 | Asia/Kolkata | Asia/Calcutta |
+05:45 | Asia/Kathmandu | Asia/Katmandu |
+06:00 | Antarctica/Vostok | |
+06:00 | Asia/Almaty | |
+06:00 | Asia/Bishkek | |
+06:00 | Asia/Dhaka | Asia/Dacca |
+06:00 | Asia/Novokuznetsk | |
+06:00 | Asia/Novosibirsk | |
+06:00 | Asia/Omsk | |
+06:00 | Asia/Qyzylorda | |
+06:00 | Asia/Thimphu | Asia/Thimbu |
+06:00 | Etc/GMT-6 | |
+06:00 | Indian/Chagos | |
+06:30 | Asia/Rangoon | |
+06:30 | Indian/Cocos | |
+07:00 | Antarctica/Davis | |
+07:00 | Asia/Bangkok | |
+07:00 | Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh | Asia/Saigon |
+07:00 | Asia/Hovd | |
+07:00 | Asia/Jakarta | |
+07:00 | Asia/Krasnoyarsk | |
+07:00 | Asia/Phnom_Penh | |
+07:00 | Asia/Pontianak | |
+07:00 | Asia/Vientiane | |
+07:00 | Etc/GMT-7 | |
+07:00 | Indian/Christmas | |
+08:00 | Antarctica/Casey | |
+08:00 | Asia/Brunei | |
+08:00 | Asia/Choibalsan | |
+08:00 | Asia/Chongqing | Asia/Chungking |
+08:00 | Asia/Harbin | |
+08:00 | Asia/Hong_Kong | Hongkong |
+08:00 | Asia/Irkutsk | |
+08:00 | Asia/Kashgar | |
+08:00 | Asia/Kuala_Lumpur | |
+08:00 | Asia/Kuching | |
+08:00 | Asia/Macau | Asia/Macao |
+08:00 | Asia/Makassar | Asia/Ujung_Pandang |
+08:00 | Asia/Manila | |
+08:00 | Asia/Shanghai | PRC |
+08:00 | Asia/Singapore | Singapore |
+08:00 | Asia/Taipei | ROC |
+08:00 | Asia/Ulaanbaatar | Asia/Ulan_Bator |
+08:00 | Asia/Urumqi | |
+08:00 | Australia/Perth | Australia/West |
+08:00 | Etc/GMT-8 | |
+08:45 | Australia/Eucla | |
+09:00 | Asia/Dili | |
+09:00 | Asia/Jayapura | |
+09:00 | Asia/Pyongyang | |
+09:00 | Asia/Seoul | ROK |
+09:00 | Asia/Tokyo | Japan |
+09:00 | Asia/Yakutsk | |
+09:00 | Etc/GMT-9 | |
+09:00 | Pacific/Palau | |
+09:30 | Australia/Adelaide | Australia/South |
+09:30 | Australia/Broken_Hill | Australia/Yancowinna |
+09:30 | Australia/Darwin | Australia/North |
+10:00 | Antarctica/DumontDUrville | |
+10:00 | Asia/Sakhalin | |
+10:00 | Asia/Vladivostok | |
+10:00 | Australia/Brisbane | Australia/Queensland |
+10:00 | Australia/Currie | |
+10:00 | Australia/Hobart | Australia/Tasmania |
+10:00 | Australia/Lindeman | |
+10:00 | Australia/Melbourne | Australia/Victoria |
+10:00 | Australia/Sydney | Australia/ACT, Australia/Canberra, Australia/NSW |
+10:00 | Etc/GMT-10 | |
+10:00 | Pacific/Chuuk | Pacific/Truk, Pacific/Yap |
+10:00 | Pacific/Guam | |
+10:00 | Pacific/Port_Moresby | |
+10:00 | Pacific/Saipan | |
+10:30 | Australia/Lord_Howe | Australia/LHI |
+11:00 | Antarctica/Macquarie | |
+11:00 | Asia/Anadyr | |
+11:00 | Asia/Kamchatka | |
+11:00 | Asia/Magadan | |
+11:00 | Etc/GMT-11 | |
+11:00 | Pacific/Efate | |
+11:00 | Pacific/Guadalcanal | |
+11:00 | Pacific/Kosrae | |
+11:00 | Pacific/Noumea | |
+11:00 | Pacific/Pohnpei | Pacific/Ponape |
+11:30 | Pacific/Norfolk | |
+12:00 | Antarctica/McMurdo | Antarctica/South_Pole |
+12:00 | Etc/GMT-12 | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Auckland | NZ |
+12:00 | Pacific/Fiji | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Funafuti | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Kwajalein | Kwajalein |
+12:00 | Pacific/Majuro | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Nauru | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Tarawa | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Wake | |
+12:00 | Pacific/Wallis | |
+12:45 | Pacific/Chatham | NZ-CHAT |
+13:00 | Etc/GMT-13 | |
+13:00 | Pacific/Enderbury | |
+13:00 | Pacific/Tongatapu | |
+14:00 | Etc/GMT-14 | |
+14:00 | Pacific/Kiritimati |